Components of Food
Solved exercise of components of food
Summary
WHAT DO DIFFERENT FOOD ITEMS CONTAIN
Usually food are made up of one or more ingredients, which we get from plants or animals.Ingredients contain some components that are needed by our body. These components are called nutrients.The major nutrients in our food are named carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals.Food contains dietary fibers and water which are also needed by our body.
Carbohydrates
There are many types of carbohydrates. The main carbohydrates found in our food are in the form of starch and sugars.
Proteins
Proteins are needed for the growth and repair of our body.
Proteins are often called ‘body building foods.
WHAT DO VARIOUS NUTRIENTS DO FOR OUR BODY
- Carbohydrates mainly provide energy to our body.
- Fats also give us energy.
- Fats give much more energy as compared to the same amount of carbohydrates.
- Foods containing fats and carbohydrates are also called ‘energy giving foods.
Vitamins
Vitamins help in protecting our body against diseases. Vitamins also help in keeping our eyes, bones, teeth and gums healthy
Vitamins are of different kinds known by different names. Some of these are Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E and K
There is also a group of vitamins called Vitamin B-complex. Our body needs all types of vitamins in small quantities.
Vitamin A : keeps our skin and eyes healthy.
Vitamin C: helps body to fight against many diseases.
Vitamin D: helps our body to use calcium for bones and teeth.
Water
Water helps our body to absorb nutrients from food.
It also helps in throwing out some wastes from body as urine and sweat.
we get most of the water that our body needs from the liquids we drink
water milk and tea. In addition, we add water to most cooked foods.
BALANCED DIET
The food we normally eat in a day is our diet. For growth and maintenance of good health, our diet should have all the nutrients that our body needs, in right quantities.
Too much of one and not too little of the other.
The diet should also contain a good amount of roughage and water. Such a diet is called a balanced diet.
DEFICIENCY DISEASES
Deficiency of one or more nutrients can cause diseases or disorders in our body. Diseases that occur due to lack of nutrients over a long period are called deficiency diseases.
Exercises
1.Name the major nutrients in our food.
Ans: Major Nutrients in our food are Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Vitamins, Minerals and dietary fibers.
2. Name the following:
(a) The nutrients which mainly give energy to our body.
Ans: Carbohydrates
(b) The nutrients that are needed for the growth and maintenance of our body.
Ans: Proteins and minerals
(c) A vitamin required for maintaining good eyesight.
Ans: Vitamin A
(d) A mineral that is required for keeping our bones health
Ans:Calcium
3. Name two foods each rich in:
(a) Fats: Ans:Cream, Butter
(b) Starch: Rice, Wheat
(c) Dietary fiber: Whole grains, raw vegetables
(d) Protein: Milk, Soya bean.
4. Under line the statements that are correct.
(a) By eating rice alone, we can fulfill nutritional requirement of our body.
(b) Deficiency diseases can be prevented by eating a balanced diet.
(c) Balanced diet for the body should contain a variety of food items.
(d) Meat alone is sufficient to provide all nutrients to the body.
5. Fill in the blanks.
a) Rickets is caused by deficiency of Vitamin D.
(b) Deficiency of Vitamin B1 causes a disease known as beri-beri.
(c) Deficiency of Vitamin C causes a disease known as Scurvy
(d) Night blindness is caused due to deficiency of Vitamin A in our food.
