Summary of living organisms and habitats

Solved exercise of living organism and habitats

Summary

We go to different places were so different from one another. Some are cold, some are very hot, some are dry and some place so humid .And there are many organisms of various kind.

Organism and the Surrounding where they live.

Organism:-An individual’s form of life, such as a bacterium, protest, fungs, plant, or animals, composed of a single cell work together to carry out the processes of life.

Desert has camel the mountain had goats and yak. Crabs and fish on beach ants on different location, animals and plants in forest.

Habitat and adaption

Habitat: The place where organisms lives are called a habitat. The habitat provides food, water, air, shelter, and other need to organisms. The plants and animals that live on land are said to live in terrestrial habitats .example forest, grassland desert coastal and mountain regions.

Adaption: are organism differ depending on their place of dwelling.

Aquatic habits

Animals that live on water are called aquatic habitats. example. Fish, octopus, Whale etc.

Biotic habitat

The organism both plants and animals living in a habitat are biotic components;

Example: Red ponda, raccoons etc.

Abiotic components

The nonliving thing such as rocks, soil air, and water in the habitat constitutes its abiotic components.

SOME TERRESTRIAL HABITAT

Terrestrial habitats also include man-made habitats, like farms, towns, and cities, and habitats that are under the earth, like caves and mines.

Desert

There are desert animals like rats and snakes which do not have long legs that a camel has to stay away from the intense heat during the day the stay in burrows deep in the sand and these animals come out during the night when it is cooler.

Desert plants lose very little water through transpiration.  This helps in reducing the loss of water from the leaves through transpiration like cactus.

Mountain region

There are variety of plants and animals living in the mountain region the tree are normally cone shaped and have sloping branches .Animals living in the mountain regions are adapted to the condition. Ex leopard mountain goat.

Grassland

A lion lives in a forest or a grassland and it is a strong animals that can kill animals like deer. A deer is another animals that lives in forest and grass lands it has strong teeth for chewing hard plants stems of the forest.

CHARACTERISTIC OF ORGANISM

1. Are made of one or more cells.
2. Need the energy to stay alive.
3. Respond to stimuli in their environment.
4. Grow and reproduce.
5. Maintain a stable internal environment.

DO ALL ORGANISM NEED FOOD?

Food gives organisms the energy needed for them to grow. The organism also needs energy for another life process that of on inside them. Animals depend on plants or other animals for their food.

DO ALL ORGANISMS SHOW GROWTH?

Young ones of animals also grow into adults. A chick hatched from an egg, grows into a hen or a cock. Plants also grow. Some are very small and some are very bigger Growth seems to be common to all living things.

DO ALL ORGANISMS RESPIRE? CAN WE LIVE WITHOUT BREATHING?

The air moves from outside to the inside of our body. When we breathe out, the air moves from inside our body to outside. Breathing is part of a process called respiration. In respiration, some of the oxygen of the air we breathe in, is used by the body. We breathe out carbon dioxide produced in this process. The process of breathing in animals like cows, buffaloes, dogs or cats is similar to humans. Respiration is necessary for all living organisms. It is through respiration that the body finally obtains energy from the food it takes.

DO ALL ORGANISMS RESPOND TO STIMULI?

All of us respond immediately when thorn walking in barefoot or when we suddenly move from a dark place to bright place our eyes shut themselves to respond to them are called stimuli. Similarly cockroaches run away when bright light is flashed towards them they begin to move to their hiding places if the light in the kitchen is switched on at nights even some plants bloom only at night and some plants like touch me not leaves close or fold when someone touches it so even the plants response towards the change.

LIVING ORGANISMS AND EXCRETION

The process of getting rid of wastes by organisms is known as execration. The mechanisms in plants are a little different. Some plants find it possible to store the waste products within their parts in a way that they do not harm the plant as a whole. Some plants remove waste products as secretions. Excretion is another characteristic common to all organisms.

DO ALL ORGANISMS REPRODUCE THEIR OWN KIND?

Many birds lay their eggs in the nest. Some of the eggs hatch and young birds come out .Animals reproduce their own kind. The mode of reproduction may be different, in different animals. Some animals produce their young ones through eggs. plants also differ in their mode of reproduction. Many plants reproduce through seeds. Plants produce seeds, which can germinate and grow into new plants Living things produce more of their own kind through reproduction.

DO ALL ORGANISMS MOVE?

They move from one place to another and also show other body movements. Plants are generally anchored in the soil so they do not move from one place to another. various substances like water, minerals, and the food synthesized by them move from one part of the plant to another. Ex: The moon moves in the sky. A cloud grows in size right in front of our eyes

WHAT THEN IS LIFE?”

looking at all the diversity of living beings around us, we can conclude that “life is beautiful”

Exercise

1.What is a habitat?

Ans: The place where organisms live is called a habitat. Habitat means a dwelling place (a home). The habitat provides food, water, air, shelter, and other needs to organisms.

2. How are cactus adapted to survive in a desert?

Ans:Adaptation of cactus are as follows

• Leaf is replaced by spine to reduce transpiration
• Stems carry out photosynthesis
• A thick waxy layer surrounds leaf to retain water
• Roots of cactus are deeply rooted inside soil to absorb water.

3. Fill up the blanks

a) The presence of specific features, which enable a plant or an animal to live in a particular habitat, is called adaptation.

(b) The habitats of the plants and animals that live on land are called terrestrial habitat.

(c) The habitats of plants and animals that live in water are called aquatic habitat.

(d) Soil, water and air are the abiotic factors of a habitat.

(e) Changes in our surroundings that make us respond to them, are called stimuli.

4. Which of the things in the following list are nonliving?

Plough, Mushroom, Sewing machine, Radio, Boat, Water hyacinth, Earthworm

Ans:Butter, Leather, Wool, Cooking oil, Apple and rubber were once part of a living thing.

7. List the common characteristics of the living things.

Ans: Common characteristics of living things are as follows

i) Respiration

ii) Food intake

iii) Response to stimuli

iv) Excretion

v) Movement

vi) Reproduction

8. Explain, why speed is important for survival in the grasslands for animals that live there. (Hint: There are few trees or places for animals to hide in grasslands habitats.)

Ans:Speed is important for survival in the grasslands for animals to avoid predation from their predators. For example Tiger eats deer, to survive deer has to run faster than the tiger.

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